Showing posts with label Operating Systems. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Operating Systems. Show all posts

Many Trials and Troubles of Windows Vista

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 7:55 PM 0 komentar

When you think of Microsoft what is the first thing that pops into your head? Are they all negative thoughts? Are you one of the millions of users who always has problems with the products that they make? Now think of one of the worst programs that they have made recently. Does Windows Vista come to mind? You are not alone in this thinking.

Ever since its conception consumers have been complaining about the problems that it has. This and the fact that Microsoft has never gotten around to truly working out these problems is enough to throw some people over the edge and into a complete frenzy.

Right now I have a computer that uses Windows Vista and have not had any problems – but it took me awhile to warm up to it. Last year I bought a brand new desktop. This new computer had Vista programmed right into it and there was nothing I could do about it.

At first it impressed me. The graphics were amazing and the layout was smooth. The first negative I spotted was the nagging! It’s one thing to have your partner nagging at you all day to pick up after yourself or not too forget to take out the garbage. But for your computer to nag as well? That’s just downright annoying.

It seemed that every move I made was analyzed by the program and had to make sure that I really wanted to go through with it. This is a protection measure that Microsoft thought people would love. It turned out to be one of the things that people hated most about it. Other problems existed in the specially designed driver that Microsoft thought would work well with the operating system. But this became another problem for millions of users. That and the applications were not all able to work the way they should.

It is true that some things about Vista have been fixed – but there are still Vista problems that people have. Yet, that doesn’t always stop them from buying it. In fact I think over time Vista has become more popular. I suppose we all love a little trouble and danger.

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Cleaning Windows Xp: Getting Started

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 7:55 PM 0 komentar

You can do quite a bit to clean the average Windows XP system. Files proliferate, programs fall out of favor, viruses reproduce, e-mail clusters, and pop-ups populate. Throw in a little system neglect and before you know it, you have a messed-up system that badly needs cleaning.

Cleaning a Windows system is more about behavior than it is about one or two tasks. Granted, you need to do some remedial work to get your system back in peak condition, but once you do, keeping your system clean on an ongoing basis is much easier than doing the remedial work in the first place.

Essential tasks

In general, you should work on the most accessible parts of the system first and then move on to the rest. Following is a list of essential tasks to do even if you're really pressed for time.

* If you have only limited time available, get rid of unused and unneeded files. Archive your old-but-still-valuable files to get them off your system. When you have more time, you can go back and deal with your programs and your system as a whole. (Generally you should get your programs under control before worrying about your data, but the key here is time restriction. Working on programs simply takes longer than does taming your data.)

* If you have more time available, do a program inventory and remove the programs you no longer need. You'd be amazed at how much clutter this can remove from your system. Then go back and clean up your data and archive your older information.

* Get rid of spyware and spam and get your Internet environment under control. If you do this, you find that using the Internet can again become productive, rather than frustrating.

* Closely examine what your computer loads without your knowledge. This is one of the key places many people overlook (even when suggesting ways to clean your computer), but Windows encounters instructions to automatically load different programs from a myriad of places (most on the Web). These programs can hog resources and slow down your system's overall performance.

Of course, tracking down such unseen scoundrels can take a bit of time. When you have that time (and after you've done the other things in this list), jump in and try to figure out what's going on. Windows provides some utilities that can help, such as the System Configuration Utility (msconfig).

* If you really have some extra time, you can wade into the murky waters of the Windows Registry. The Registry is the centralized database that controls virtually everything that happens in the operating system. It is mind-numbingly complex and staggeringly obtuse for normal humans to deal with. However, you can do things in the Registry that you cannot do in any other way.

Working in the Registry is not for the faint of heart. Make sure you double-check every action before you take it. One wrong step and you can bring your system to its knees.

Precautions for safety's sake

Cleaning a Windows system necessarily involves moving things, adding things, deleting things, and sometimes renaming things. Any of these tasks, while necessary, can have unintended consequences. Heaven forbid you should delete a critical system file or wipe out the wrong data key in the Registry.

These precautions help you avoid the bad things:

* Don't delete files without knowing what you are deleting. If you're in doubt, simply move the file to a different directory or rename it. Then, if you restart your system (or the program) and find out you made a mistake, you can always move the file back or restore its original name.

* Make periodic backups of your system. If you're getting ready to do a huge cleaning session, you might want to make a backup right before you start. If you want to rely on an older backup, you might want to have it close by, in case you need it when you start your cleaning session.

* Be careful how you delete programs. In the wonderful days of DOS, in the misty past, programs usually consisted of a couple of files or all the files in a given directory. Not so in Windows. When you install a program, the installation program can move pieces and parts all over the place. When you run the program, it can move more of itself to still other places. Because of that, the best way to delete a program is to use either the uninstaller provided with the software or the Add/Remove Programs applet in the Control Panel. Don't just delete the main folder for the program — pieces and parts will remain scattered everywhere.)

* Know what you are doing with the Registry. The Registry is a largely incomprehensible place. Be careful when you are changing or deleting things in the Registry. In fact, you should create a backup of the Registry before you do any big changes, or simply export a data key when you are getting ready to make more minor changes. (A data key is geekspeak for a branch in the Registry.) Windows does not have a Recycle Bin for the Registry — if you delete something by mistake, you will be glad you made a copy ahead of time.

* If a new icon shows up on your desktop one day, don't double-click it. If you don't know why it's there, someone (or some program) has possibly deposited it there. If you don't know what it does, why double-click it and run it? A safer course of action is to right-click the icon, choose Properties, and then examine what programs the icon runs.

* Keep your original program discs accessible. If you change the a program's installation, you probably need the discs. If you delete a part of the program you shouldn't, you probably need the discs. If you want to reinstall the program, you probably need the discs. Just keep them close. And it wouldn't hurt to have any necessary software keys (those pesky ten-character — or longer — codes required to install or unlock your software) for the discs, either.

* Use only programs from reputable sources. There are lots of programs you can use to help with your system cleaning. You can download most of these programs from the Internet. However, some of the software you find on the Internet may not have been tested and can be reliable. If you download and run a program from a disreputable source, you could possibly infect your system with a virus or do some other system-crashing function.

The preceding precautions aren't in any particular order. They simply give you some guidance as you start on your cleaning quest. Rest assured, however, that you already possess the best safeguard you can have: common sense. Trust your common sense and it'll help you through a large number of the problems you may face.

As you're cleaning your system, keep a notepad and pen nearby. Jot down each cleaning step you take, along with any oddities you observe. This could be helpful if you later need to track down a problem that crops up.

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The Underrated Windows Vista

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 7:49 PM 0 komentar

Windows came out in the 90’s as the principle operating system for IBM computers. In the early days, Windows was hardly able to do more than a few tasks, however today’s Windows versions dwarf earlier versions in comparison. Windows 95 was probably one of the most popular versions, until it was replaced by 98, ME, and then finally XP. Windows XP is still used by a variety of businesses and individuals because of its reliability and ease of use. However, this is slowly starting to change thanks to Windows Vista, which was released several years ago after many years of development and design.

Windows Vista, which was code named “Longhorn” during the design process, has changed the way that Windows looks forever. Along with adding functionality for 64 bit systems, Windows Vista has also turned Windows into a home entertainment system that can stream audio and video anywhere that you have wireless access. Vista’s goal was to make more advanced features easier to use by novice computer users, and for the most part they succeeded with that goal.

Most of the advanced functions in Windows XP were made easier to find and easier to use in Vista, which has made it very popular with that type of user. However, many advanced users have complained of the “bulkiness” of the software and the resources that it uses in complex tasks. However, many of these complaints can be solved by simply adding more RAM to a computer, which is the case anytime you introduce a more complex operating system.

While the jury is still out on Windows Vista, it is the primary operating system sold with every new PC and laptop purchase across the world, and so like it or not users are becoming used to using it. My favorite part about Windows Vista is the ease of networking and the flexible design of the software. It also supports much faster and more powerful computer systems far better than the previous versions of Windows did. If you are looking to upgrade your system to a 64 bit chip, then buying Windows Vista is a no brainer. If you’ve got the money available, then I recommend 2GB of RAM at a minimum for Vista, otherwise you might experience slight delays in processing. Although you can find cheaper systems at the 1GB RAM range, I wouldn’t recommend going that route.

Windows Vista may have its share of skeptics and doubters, but most of that is just the resistance to change. Most people get comfortable with the way they’ve been doing things and introducing a new way to do them takes time to get used to. Still, if you use Vista for just a few months you will find that it has a wealth of new features and functionality that is overall an improvement for most users. Windows Vista has a few versions, so make sure that you buy the one that will work on your computer hardware. Most new systems have it installed already, so that shouldn’t be an issue for you. If you buy a Windows Vista machine and don’t like it, Microsoft offers the option of switching back to XP. However, I bet that 75% of Windows users will much prefer Vista to XP in the end.

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Setting Windows Vista Sharing Permissions on Shared Folders

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 9:49 PM 0 komentar

You can share a folder with advanced permissions. You use these permissions to decide who has access to the folder and what those users can do with the folder. You can also apply advanced permissions to entire security groups rather than individual users. For example, if you apply permissions to the Administrators group, those permissions automatically apply to each member of that group.

Before continuing, make sure you have a user account set up for each person who will access the share. Follow these steps to share a folder with advanced permissions:

1. Select Start, and then click your username to open your user profile folder.

2. Click the folder you want to share. If you want to share a subfolder or file, instead, open its folder and then click the subfolder or file.

3. Click the Share button in the task pane. Windows Vista displays the object’s Properties sheet with the Sharing tab selected.

4. Click Advanced Sharing. The User Account Control dialog box appears.

5. Enter your UAC credentials to continue. The Advanced Sharing dialog box appears.

6. Activate the Share This Folder check box.

7. By default, Vista uses the folder name as the share name. If you prefer to use a different name, edit the Share Name text box.

8. In a small network, it’s unlikely you’ll need to restrict the number of users who can access this resource, so you’re probably safe to leave the Limit the Number of Simultaneous Users To spin box value at 10.

9. Click Permissions to display the Permissions for Share dialog box, where Share is the share name you specified in step 7.

10. Select the Everyone group in the Group or User Names list, and then click Remove.

For Complete Story please visit: http://techanand.com/?p=18

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The in Depth Analysis of the Linux Certification

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 3:59 PM 0 komentar

Certifications are slowly evolving as the life lines of those who are craving for better placements and job facilities at the global level. Due to these reasons, there has been a sudden bloom in the number of institutes which provide certifications like the Microsoft certification, the Cisco certs, the MCSE certification and the CCNP certification. Thus, it becomes, quite a herculean task for the professionals to choose for the best one.

But, this entire process of selection has been simplified by the important role which is being played by the TNS Institute, which has emerged as one of the Microsoft training institutes in India. The certification provided by TNS is important due to various reasons because they are reflections of the unbeatable qualities which have been inculcated in the professionals. At the same time, the entire IT service sector has witnessed tremendous growth, but at the same time, the employment opportunities are very limited and are available only for those who have the recognition and identification in this sector.

Over the past ten years, there has been a tremendous increase in the job advertisements which demand in depth knowledge and practice in Linux. The skills which are needed for the technical workman ship can be tested only through credibility which is provided by the professionals having Linux certification. Thus, the entire segregation of professionals, well conversant with the Linux skills has become the new trend in the IT market.

The Linux certification adds to the credibility of the professional and sharpens his technical acumen. At the same time, the certifications which are provided by the TNS institute are taken very seriously by the leading companies and organizations of the IT sector and thus, the professional is saved from unwanted hassles and groovy start-ups.

There are various kinds of Linux certification which are provided by the TNS institute, further adding to the specialization of the professionals in this domain. Some of the certifications are

· Vendor-neutral

· Entry level

But these certifications are not that credible, when taken into account, with the technical managers. For those, who are already working with the Linux systems, should better try for more complex certifications of Novel and Red Hat.

Just like the reliable and reputed Cisco certifications, even these certifications have a lot of market value and being endowed by TNS, adds more quality and prestige to them.

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Sejarah Linux

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 3:45 PM 0 komentar

Siapa yang belum tahu Mandriva Linux? Siapa yang belum tahu Open Suse? Siapa yang belum tahu Red Hat? Bagi orang yang biasa berkecimpung di dunia komputer, khususnya Linux, maka nama-nama itu sudah tidak asing lagi di telinga. Namun tahukah Anda bahwa sebenarnya, Linux memiliki sejarah yang cukup panjang perjalanannya?
UNIX merupakan salah satu sistem operasi yang mengawali lahirnya Linux ke dunia ini. UNIX merupakan salah satu sistem operasi yang ada saat ini. Adapun UNIX merupakan salah satu sistem operasi populer selain keluarga raksasa Microsoft (mulai dari DOS, MS 9x sampai Vista), Novell, OS/2, BeOS, MacOS dan lainnya.

Sejarah kemunculan UNIX dimulai pada tahun 1965 ketika para ahli dari Bell Labs, sebuah laboratorium milik AT&T, bekerja sama dengan MIT dan General Electric membuat sistem operasi bernama Multics(sudah pernah dengar belum?). Nah, sistem operasi Multics ini awalnya didesain dengan harapan akan menciptakan beberapa keunggulan, seperti multiuser, multiprosesor, dan multilevel filesystem. Namun pada tahun 1969, AT&T akhirnya menghentikan proyek pembuatan Multics karena sistem operasi Multics ini sudah tidak memenuhi tujuan semula. Dengan kata lain, proyek ini mengalami hambatan karena dalam kenyataannya Multics banyak terdapat bugs dan sulit sekali dioperasikan.

Beberapa programmer Bell Labs yang terlibat dalam pembuatan dan pengembangan Multics, yaitu Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Rudd Canaday, dan Doug Mcllroy, secara tidak resmi tetap meneruskan proyek pengembangan Multics. Dan akhirnya sampailah pada sebuah sistem operasi generasi penerus dari Multics bulan Januari 1970 yang diberi nama UNIX.

Adapun generasi baru Multics ini memiliki lebih banyak keuggulan dibandingkan saudara tuanya. Nama UNIX diberikan oleh Brian Kernighan untuk memberi penegasan bahwa UNIX bukanlah Multics (tidak sama). UNIX akhirnya memiliki keunggulan seperti yang diharapkan pada awal penciptaannya. Yaitu:

1. Multilevel Filesystem

2. Multiuser dan Multiprosesor

3. Desain arsitektur yang independen terhadap suatu hardware

4. Berbagai device dapat dianggap sebagai file khusus

5. Memiliki user interface yang sederhana

6. Cocok untuk lingkungan pemrograman

7. Memiliki utilitas yang dapat saling digabungkan

Setahun setelahnya, UNIX dapat dijalankan pada komputer PDP-11 yang memiliki memory 16 KB dan sebuah disk berukuran 512 KB. Pada waktu itu source codenya UNIX masih ditulis dalam bahasa mesin (assembler). Kemudian pada tahun 1973, source code UNIX ditulis ulang dalam bahasa C yang dibuat oleh Dennis Ritchie.

Tujuan Mr. Ritchie mengubah source code UNIX ke dalam bahasa C tak lain dan tak bukan karena bahasa C didesain multiplatform dan bersifat fleksibel. Dengan dirubahnya source code ke dalam bahasa C, maka UNIX dapat dikembangkan dan dikompilasi ulang ke berbagai jenis komputer. Sejak saat itu dibuatlah berbagai macam varian UNIX yang sengaja didesain untuk jenis komputer tertentu.

Setahun kemudian, karena merasa UNIX sudah cukup matang, maka Thompson dan Ritchie mempublikasikan sebuah paper tentang UNIX. Ternyata UNIX mendapat sambutan yang sangat luar biasa dari lingkungan perguruan tinggi. Dan UNIX lah yang menjadi sistem operasi favorit di lingkungan perguruan tinggi.

Awalnya, sistem operasi UNIX ini didistribusikan secara gratis di dunia pendidikan, namun setelah banyak digunakan oleh korporasi industri dan bisnis (karena kehandalannya menangani bidang jaringan (networking), UNIX akhirnya diperdagangkan dan dipatenkan). Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya, UNIX dan varian-variannya yang dikomersialkan menjadi suatu sistem operasi yang cukup mahal pada saat itu(namun ada beberapa yang gratis karena dikembangkan dengan semangat openSource), hal ini disebabkan karena kestabilan, mampu mengerjakan program multitasking dan dapat digunakan oleh beberapa user secara bersamaan.

Adapun varian UNIX yang dikomersialkan dan populer karena kehandalannya seperti BSD 4.1 (1980), SunOS, BSD 4.2, SysV(1983), UnixWare dan Solaris 2(1988), dan lainnya. Dan yang dikembangkan dengan semangat openSource atau free diantaranya: FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, Mnix, Hurd

Dari tadi ngomongin UNIX mulu, Linuxnya di mana? Oke, oke. Kita mulai…..

Kenal Linus Torvalds kan? Linus dilahirkan di Helsinki, Finlandia pada tanggal 28 Desember 1969. Orang yang disebut sebagai Bapak Linux(LINus UniX) ini, sudah mengenal bahasa pemrograman pada umurnya yang ke 10. Saat itu ia sering mengutak-atik komputer kakeknya, Commodore VIC-20. Karena hobinya dalam dunia komputing, 1988 Linus diterima di Univerity of Helsinki dan pada tahun 1990, Linus memulai kelas pemrograman C pertamanya. Pada tahun 1991, Linus tidak puas terhadap sistem operasi yang ada pada PC pertamanya (MS-DOS atau Disk Operation System), OS buatan Microsoft.

Linus lebih cenderung untuk menggunakan sistem operasi UNIX seperti yang dipakai komputer milik universitasnya. Akhirnya ia mengganti sistem operasi openSource Minix yang berbasiskan UNIX. Adapun Minix ini merupakan sistem UNIX kecil yang dikembangkan oleh Andrew S. Tanenbaum, seorang professor yang menggeluti penelitian masalah OS dari Vrije Universiteit, Belanda. Adapun Minix ini digunakan untuk keperluan pengajaran dan pendidikan.

Namun Linus merasa bahwa Minix masih memiliki banyak kelemahan. Dan mulai saat itu, di usianya yang ke-23, Linus mulai mengutak-atik kernel Minix. Dan ia mulai mengembangkan sistem yang kompatibel dengan IBM PC. Pada bulan Agustus 1991, lahirlah Linux 0.01 hasil oprekan Linus, dan pada tanggal 5 Oktober 1991, secara resmi Linus mengumumkan Linux 0.02 yang hanya dapat menjalankan BASH dan gcc compiler. Selain itu, Linus juga mempublikasikan sistem operasi buatannya tersebut lengkap dengan source codenya, yang ternyata disambut dengan sangat antusias oleh para programmer dan developer di seluruh dunia agar dapat di develop bersama-sama.

Sampai saat ini, Linux dibangun oleh berbagai macam komunitas dan jangan heran apabila banyak sekali distro-distro Linux yang beredar. Mulai dari yang berbayar sampai yang gratis, dari untuk pemula sampai tingkat lanjut, dan biasanya dengan banyaknya distro Linux yang beredar akan membuat orang awam bingung untuk memilih distro. Bayangkan, ada beratus-ratus distro yang tercipta atau bahkan beribu-ribu. Namun perlahan tapi pasti, diantara distro-distro Linux ini ada yang menyamai (atau bahkan) melebihi kemampuan dari Sistem Operasi keluarga raksasa (Microsoft) dan dengan semakin mudahnya dan semakin lengkapnya dukungan Linux pada hardware, besar kemungkinan Linux akan menjadi alternatif (atau bahkan sistem operasi utama di dunia). InsyaAllah bila tidak ada halangan, saya akan memberikan tips-tips memilih distro Linux.

Referensi:

Sofana, Iwan. 2006. Mudah Belajar Linux. Bandung: Informatika

http://www.thinkgeek.com/books/nonfiction/38b2/ http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Torvalds/linus_finland_period.shtml http://www.thocp.net/biographies/torvalds_linus.html

Sumber : ilmukomputer.com

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Sejarah Sistem Operasi dari DOS, Windows sampai Linux

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 3:37 PM 0 komentar


Jangan melupakan sejarah …!
Kalimat ini bukan hanya berlaku di dunia nyata, tetapi juga di dunia komputer, khususnya dunia sistem operasi.

Mempelajari sejarah memang menarik, bahkan sekalipun itu hanya sejarah sistem operasi / operating system (OS) suatu komputer. Paling tidak dengan mempelajari sejarah sistem operasi komputer, wawasan kita bertambah luas dan tidak hanya berkutat pada satu sistem operasi saja.

Artikel ini akan menguraikan sejarah sistem operasi dari DOS, Mac, Windows, BSD, sampai Linux.


1980
QDOS : Tim Paterson dari Seattle Computer menulis QDOS yang dibuat dari OS terkenal pada masa itu, CP/M. QDOS (Quick and Dirty Operating System) dipasarkan oleh Seatle Computer dengan nama 86-DOS karena dirancang untuk prosesor Intel 8086.
Microsoft : Bill Gates dari Microsoft membeli lisensi QDOS dan menjualnya ke berbagai perusahaan komputer.

1981
PC DOS : IBM meluncurkan PC DOS yang dibeli dari Microsoft untuk komputernya yang berbasis prosesor Intel 8086.
MS DOS : Microsoft menggunakan nama MS DOS untuk OS ini jika dijual oleh perusahaan diluar IBM.

1983
MS DOS 2.0 : Versi 2.0 dari MS DOS diluncurkan pada komputer PC XT.

1984
System 1.0 : Apple meluncurkan Macintosh dengan OS yang diturunkan dari BSD UNIX. System 1.0 merupakan sistem operasi pertama yang telah berbasis grafis dan menggunakan mouse.
MS DOS 3.0 : Microsoft meluncurkan MS DOS 3.0 untuk PC AT yang menggunakan chip Intel 80286 dan yang mulai mendukung penggunaan hard disk lebih dari 10 MB.
MS DOS 3.1 : Microsoft meluncurkan MSDOS 3.1 yang memberikan dukungan untuk jaringan.

1985
MS Windows 1.0 : Microsoft memperkenalkan MSWindows, sistem operasi yang telah menyediakan lingkungan berbasis grafis (GUI) dan kemampuan multitasking. Sayangnya sistem operasi ini sangat buruk performanya dan tidak mampu menyamai kesuksesan Apple.
Novell Netware : Novell meluncurkan sistem operasi berbasis jaringan Netware 86 yang dibuat untuk prosesor Intel 8086.

1986
MS DOS 3.2 : Microsoft meluncurkan MS DOS 3.2 yang menambahkan dukungan untuk floppy 3.5 inch 720 KB.

1987
OS/2 : IBM memperkenalkan OS/2 yang telah berbasis grafis, sebagai calon pengganti IBM PC DOS.
MS DOS 3.3 : Microsoft meluncurkan MS DOS 3.3 yang merupakan versi paling populer dari MS DOS.
Windows 2.0 : Windows versi 2.0 diperkenalkan.
MINIX : Andrew S. Tanenbaum mengembangkan Minix, sistem operasi berbasis Unix yang ditujukan untuk pendidikan. MINIX nantinya menginspirasi pembuatan Linux.

1988
MS DOS 4.0 : Microsoft mengeluarkan MSDOS 4.0 dengan suasana grafis.
WWW : Proposal World Wide Web (WWW) oleh Tim BernersLee.

1989
NetWare/386 (juga dikenal sebagai versi 3) diluncurkan oleh Novell untuk prosesor Intel 80386.

1990
Perpisahan : Dua perusahaan raksasa berpisah, IBM berjalan dengan OS/2 dan Microsoft berkonsentrasi pada Windows.
Windows 3.0 : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows versi 3.0 yang mendapat sambutan cukup baik.
MSOffice : Microsoft membundel Word, Excel, dan PowerPoint untuk menyingkirkan saingannya seperti Lotus 123, Wordstar, Word Perfect dan Quattro.
DR DOS : Digital Research memperkenalkan DR DOS 5.0.

1991
Linux 0.01 : Mahasiswa Helsinki bernama Linus Torvalds mengembangkan OS berbasis Unix dari sistem operasi Minix yang diberi nama Linux.
MS DOS 5.0 : Microsoft meluncurkan MSDOS 5.0 dengan penambahan fasilitas full-screen editor, undelete, unformat dan Qbasic.

1992
Windows 3.1 : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows 3.1 dan kemudian Windows for Workgroups 3.11 di tahun berikutnya.
386 BSD : OS berbasis Open Source turunan dari BSD Unix didistribusikan oleh Bill Jolitz setelah meninggalkan Berkeley Software Design, Inc (BSDI). 386 BSD nantinya menjadi induk dari proyek Open Source BSD lainnya, seperti NetBSD, FreeBSD, dan OpenBSD.
Distro Linux : Linux didistribusikan dalam format distro yang merupakan gabungan dari OS plus program aplikasi. Distro pertama Linux dikenal sebagai SLS (Softlanding Linux System).

1993
Windows NT : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows NT, OS pertama berbasis grafis tanpa DOS didalamnya yang direncanakan untuk server jaringan.
Web Browser : NCSA memperkenalkan rilis pertama Mosaic, browser web untuk Internet.
MS DOS 6.0 : Microsoft memperkenalkan MSDOS 6.0 Upgrade, yang mencakup program kompresi harddisk DoubleSpace.
Slackware : Patrick Volkerding mendistribusikan Slackware Linux yang menjadi distro populer pertama di kalangan pengguna Linux.
Debian : Ian Murdock dari Free Software Foundation (FSF) membuat OS berbasis Linux dengan nama Debian.
MS DOS 6.2 : Microsoft meluncurkan MSDOS 6.2.
NetBSD : Proyek baru OS berbasis Open Source yang dikembangkan dari 386BSD dibuat dengan menggunakan nama NetBSD.
FreeBSD : Menyusul NetBSD, satu lagi proyek yang juga dikembangkan dari 386BSD dibuat dengan nama FreeBSD.

1994
Netscape : Internet meraih popularitas besar saat Netscape memperkenalkan Navigator sebagai browser Internet.
MSDOS 6.22 : Microsoft meluncurkan MSDOS 6.22 dengan program kompresi bernama DriveSpace. Ini merupakan versi terakhir dari MS DOS.
FreeDOS : Jim Hall, mahasiswa dari Universitas Wisconsin­River Falls Development mengembangkan FreeDOS. FreeDOS dibuat setelah Microsoft berniat menghentikan dukungannya untuk DOS dan menggantikannya dengan Windows 95.
SuSE : OS Linux versi Jerman dikembangkan oleh Software und System Entwicklung GmbH (SuSE) dan dibuat dari distro Linux pertama, SLS.
Red Hat : Marc Ewing memulai pembuatan distro Red Hat Linux.

1995
Windows 95 : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows 95 dengan lagu Start Me Up dari Rolling Stones dan terjual lebih dari 1 juta salinan dalam waktu 4 hari.
PC DOS 7 : IBM memperkenalkan PC DOS 7 yang terintegrasi dengan program populer pengkompres data Stacker dari Stac Electronics. Ini merupakan versi terakhir dari IBM PC DOS.
Windows CE : Versi pertama Windows CE diperkenalkan ke publik.
PalmOS : Palm menjadi populer dengan PalmOS untuk PDA.
OpenBSD : Theo de Raadt pencetus NetBSD mengembangkan OpenBSD.

1996
Windows NT 4.0 : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows NT versi 4.0

1997
Mac OS : Untuk pertama kalinya Apple memperkenalkan penggunaan nama Mac OS pada Mac OS 7.6.

1998
Windows 98 : Web browser Internet Explorer menjadi bagian penting dari Windows 98 dan berhasil menumbangkan dominasi Netscape Navigator.
Server Linux : Linux mendapat dukungan dari banyak perusahaan besar, seperti IBM, Sun Microsystem dan Hewlet Packard. Server berbasis Linux mulai banyak dipergunakan menggantikan server berbasis Windows NT.
Google : Search Engine terbaik hadir di Internet dan diketahui menggunakan Linux sebagai servernya.
Japan Goes Linux : TurboLinux diluncurkan di Jepang dan segera menjadi OS favorit di Asia, khususnya di Jepang, China dan Korea.
Mandrake : Gael Duval dari Brazil mengembangkan distro Mandrake yang diturunkan dari Red Hat.

1999
Support : Hewlett Packard mengumumkan layanan 24/7 untuk distro Caldera, Turbo Linux, Red Hat dan SuSE.
Corel Linux : Corel pembuat program Corel Draw, yang sebelumnya telah menyediakan Word Perfect versi Linux, ikut membuat OS berbasis Linux dengan nama Corel Linux dan yang nantinya beralih nama menjadi Xandros.

2000
Mac OS/X : Mac OS diganti dengan mesin berbasis BSD Unix dengan kernel yang disebut sebagai Mac OS/X.
Windows 2000: Microsoft meluncurkan Windows 2000 sebagai penerus Windows NT.
Windows Me : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows Me, versi terakhir dari Windows 95.
China Goes Linux : Red Flag Linux diluncurkan dari Republik Rakyat China.
Microsoft vs IBM : CEO Microsoft Steve Ballmer menyebut Linux sebagai kanker dalam sebuah interview dengan Chicago SunTimes. Di lain pihak, CEO IBM Louis Gartsner menyatakan dukungan pada Linux dengan menginvestasikan $ 1 milyar untuk pengembangan Linux.

2001
Windows XP : Microsoft memperkenalkan Windows XP.
Lindows: Michael Robertson, pendiri MP3.com, memulai pengembangan Lindows yang diturunkan dari Debian. Nantinya Lindows berganti nama menjadi Linspire karena adanya tuntutan perubahan nama oleh Microsoft.

2002
Open Office : Program perkantoran berbasis Open Source diluncurkan oleh Sun Microsystem.
OS Lokal : OS buatan anak negeri berbasis Linux mulai bermunculan, diantaranya Trustix Merdeka, WinBI, RimbaLinux, Komura.

2003
Windows 2003 : Microsoft meluncurkan Windows Server 2003.
Fedora : Redhat mengumumkan distro Fedora Core sebagai penggantinya. Nantinya ada beberapa distro lokal yang dibuat berbasiskan Fedora, seperti BlankOn 1.0 dan IGOS Nusantara.
Novell : Ximian, perusahaan pengembang software berbasis Linux dibeli oleh Novell, begitu juga halnya dengan SuSE yang diakuisisi oleh Novell.
LiveCD : Knoppix merupakan distro pertama Linux yang dikembangkan dengan konsep LiveCD yang bisa dipergunakan tanpa harus diinstal terlebih dahulu. Distro lokal yang dibuat dari Knoppix adalah Linux Sehat dan Waroeng IGOS.

2004
Ubuntu : Versi pertama Ubuntu diluncurkan dan didistribusikan ke seluruh dunia. Ada beberapa versi distro yang dikeluarkan, yaitu Ubuntu (berbasis Gnome), Kubuntu (berbasis KDE), Xubuntu (berbasis XFCE), dan Edubuntu (untuk pendidikan).

2005
Mandriva : Mandrake bergabung dengan Conectiva dan berganti nama menjadi Mandriva.

2006
Unbreakable Linux : Oracle ikut membuat distro berbasis Linux yang diturunkan dari Red Hat Enterprise.
CHIPLux : Distro lokal terus bermunculan di tahun ini, bahkan Majalah CHIP yang lebih banyak memberikan pembahasan tentang Windows juga tidak ketinggalan membuat distro Linux dengan nama CHIPLux, yang diturunkan dari distro lokal PC LINUX dari keluarga PCLinuxOS (varian Mandriva). CHIPLux merupakan distro lokal pertama yang didistribusikan dalam format DVD.

2007
Vista : Setelah tertunda untuk beberapa lama, Microsoft akhirnya meluncurkan Windows Vista. Windows Vista memperkenalkan fitur 3D Desktop dengan Aero Glass, SideBar, dan Flip 3D. Sayangnya semua keindahan ini harus dibayar mahal dengan kebutuhan spesifikasi komputer yang sangat tinggi.

2008
3D OS : Tidak seperti halnya Vista yang membutuhkan spesifikasi tinggi, 3D Desktop di Linux muncul dengan spesifikasi komputer yang sangat ringan. Era hadirnya teknologi 3D Desktop di Indonesia ditandai dengan hadirnya sistem operasi 3D OS yang dikembangkan oleh PC LINUX. Ada beberapa versi yang disediakan, yaitu versi 3D OS untuk pengguna umum serta versi distro warnet Linux dan game center Linux.

Sumber : pclinux3d.com

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Dirver for Windows Vistaa

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 12:57 PM 0 komentar

Windows Vista is Microsoft’s new generation of graphical operating systems used on personal computers. It is designed to host both managed and native applications on a productive and secure platform. Compared to its predecessor Windows XP, Vista has numerous new and reworked features which make it more reliable, secure, and powerful.

Windows Vista does not use drivers that the user specifies during installation for the storage device. Since Windows Vista does not support a number of older hardware and software, it generally requires an update or new driver to operate smoothly and efficiently.

As far as Window Vista installation is concerned, it can be done with the help of a Windows Vista installation disc. While installing this operating system, the user requires using advanced settings in the Window Vista Setup to specify the storage device driver.

The storage driver which the user specifies during Windows Vista installation is loaded during the overall scenario. It only supports the drivers present in its installation disc.

Storage device features for the driver that the user specifies while installing the operating system are not available in Windows Vista. It will not show them even though Vista appears to use the .inf file which matches to the storage device driver the user specifies during installation.

To resolve the problem, the user requires loading the specific driver again. Outlined below are the required steps to complete the task:

  • Insert the Windows Vista Installation Disc into the CD/DVD drive.
  • Reboot the computer from the installation disc.
  • Insert the media which has the new storage device driver.
  • Configure the Windows Vista Setup program using the advanced settings.

Note: The user needs to click Load Driver to load the particular driver from the media. This will configure the Windows Vista Setup Program to use the specific driver.

Indeed, the drivers implemented for Microsoft Windows XP and Microsoft Windows Server 2003 may lead to technical default in Microsoft Windows Vista operating system. This is why when it comes to reliability of the Windows Operating System, the Microsoft is always the brunt of much criticism.

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Operating System: Linux

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 12:56 PM 0 komentar

It doesn't matter how much money you spend on hardware, you still need an OS to run everything, and this leads to the question: which is best?

While the beardy weirdy brigade might keep banging on about how great open source is and how we should all cuddle a penguin, Linux is simply crap for gaming. Yes, you can play games in Linux, and certain games are now being released for Linux, usually several years after they appeared on Windows, but it's not for the faint hearted.

While we might complain about Windows foibles until the cows come home, really there's nothing to complain about compared to Linux. If you can remember the bad old days when you had to configure multiple config.sys and autoexec.bat files, just to get different games working, and you actually enjoyed it, then you are probably a Linux user. For the rest of us though, the only logical choice is Windows.

Which of course begs the question, which version? Only Windows Vista offers the visual delights of DirectX 10, but its brutal hardware requirements means that you end up spending more money than you would for the equivalent performance from a Windows XP rig.

There's also the issue of hardware drivers. Even a year after release, there are still many drivers missing, or not working correctly in Vista. There's also the issue of cost. Windows XP is a lot cheaper than Vista, although it's not going to be available for much longer. Let's not forget that in Crysis, many of the so-called DirectX 10 features have been unlocked in Windows XP.

For now, we'd say, unless you absolutely have to have that Aero interface, Windows XP is still first choice, while it's available.

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Dll Removal

Diposkan oleh : ghetux On 12:54 PM 0 komentar

Dynamic Link Libraries, or DLL, were created by Microsoft to run much of the operating system. Some programs contain a lot of different modules and these are all linked together with DLLs, making them run smoothly. When a program is changed-that is, when you download a newer version of one-this means that the entire program doesn’t have to be re-coded, just certain modules. Code can be re-used and the programs load more quickly and run faster as well as taking up less space on your hard drive. Since DLL files aren’t loaded into random access memory (RAM), you have more memory at your disposal during your computer session.

But sometimes DLL is a distinct disadvantage and even dangerous to the health of your computer. You may only go to sites that you think are safe. You might use your computer only for research and emails. You do everything you can to keep your computer free of viruses but still something goes wrong sometimes. You may even have unwittingly downloaded a worm or virus from a pornography site that you’ve never heard of or thought about viewing! DLL files are the cause of these woes.

Browser plugins and browser hijackers are both made of DLL files that change your system to let others have access to your computer. Other DLL files aren’t malicious but cause trouble because the user didn’t properly remove a program or application they no longer wanted on their computer. DLLs that are unwittingly left behind when a program isn’t removed correctly can interfere with other files and if the DLL is malicious it can recreated itself when you reboot the computer.

DLL Removal (http://dllremoval.com/) is a great resource to use when applying preventative measures or restoring your computer back to health. You can find the right software programs to remove all those DLL files safely and permanently at DLL Removal. The site has everything you need in order to safely identify and remove DLL files that may be causing your computer to malfunction, slow down or have trouble navigating the internet.

It is especially important to have DLL protection if you use the internet often. As you surf, doing research or chatting with friends on what you think are safe websites, there are a lot of DLLs floating about that can attach themselves to your computer. Click on the advertisement of a product you’re interested in? You may be downloaded a DLL from a pornography site; those types of sites do everything they can to expose themselves to you whether you want them to or not. When chatting with someone or sharing pictures or other files, you may be exposing yourself to a malicious DLL.

http://dllremoval.com/ will help you avoid all the trouble and expense of cleaning your computer and help you prevent the problem in the first place. Your computer is an integral part of your personal and business life. It’s up to you to protect it.

For more information on removing computer programs, visit http://www.dllremoval.com and http://www.hostingprivateserver.com

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